/*
 *  ==================================================================
 *  DemoFormat.java: Use printf() method borrowed from C to generate
 *                   formatted output.
 *
 *  For background info on printf()'s capabilities, see Sections 3.4.7
 *  and 12.2 in Austin/Chancogne.
 *
 *  Written By: Mark Austin                                August 2007
 *  ==================================================================
 */

import java.lang.Math.*;

public class DemoFormat {
   public static void main ( String [] args ) {
       int     iA = 2;
       int     iB = 123456;
       float   fB = (float) 4.567;
       double dPi = Math.PI;

       // [a] Print integers in various formats ...

       System.out.printf("  integer " + "left        " + "        right\n" );
       System.out.printf("========= " + "============" + " ============\n" );
       System.out.printf("        2 %-12d %12d\n", iA, iA );
       System.out.printf("   123456 %-12d %12d\n", iB, iB );
       System.out.printf("Max value %-12d %12d\n", Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE );
       System.out.printf("Min value %-12d %12d\n", Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE );
       System.out.printf("========= " + "============" + " ============\n\n" );

       // [b] Print float in various formats ....

       System.out.printf("    float " + "left        " + "        right\n" );
       System.out.printf("========= " + "============" + " ============\n" );
       System.out.printf("    4.567 %-12.2f %12.2f\n", fB, fB );
       System.out.printf("    4.567 %-12.3f %12.3f\n", fB, fB );
       System.out.printf("    4.567 %-12.5f %12.5f\n", fB, fB );
       System.out.printf("    4.567 %-12.9f %12.9f\n", fB, fB );
       System.out.printf("========= " + "============" + " ============\n\n" );

       // [c] Print double in various formats ....

       System.out.printf("    double " + "left            " + "            right\n" );
       System.out.printf("========== " + "================" + " ================\n" );
       System.out.printf(" 3.1415926 %-16.3f %16.3f\n", dPi, dPi );
       System.out.printf(" 3.1415926 %-16.5f %16.5f\n", dPi, dPi );
       System.out.printf(" 3.1415926 %-16.10f %16.10f\n", dPi, dPi );
       System.out.printf(" 3.1415926 %-16.14f %16.14f\n", dPi, dPi );
       System.out.printf("========== " + "================" + " ================\n\n" );

       // [d] Demonstrate use of exponential notation ...

       System.out.println("exponential notation output ....");
       System.out.println("================================");
       System.out.printf( "dPi =      %e\n", dPi );
       System.out.printf( "dPi =  %16.4e\n", dPi );
       System.out.printf( "dPi = %-16.4e\n", dPi );
       System.out.printf( "dPi =      %g\n", dPi );
       System.out.printf( "dPi =  %16.4g\n", dPi );
       System.out.printf( "dPi = %-16.4g\n", dPi );
       System.out.println("================================================");
       System.out.println("exponential notation for large/small output ....");
       System.out.println("================================================");
       System.out.printf( "100*dPi    = %e\n", 100*dPi );
       System.out.printf( "100000*dPi = %e\n", 100000*dPi );
       System.out.printf( "  (1.0/100.0)*dPi = %e\n", (1.0/100.0)*dPi );
       System.out.printf( "(1.0/10000.0)*dPi = %e\n", (1.0/10000.0)*dPi );
       System.out.printf( "  Float.MAX_VALUE = %16.3e\n", Float.MAX_VALUE );
       System.out.printf( "  Float.MIN_VALUE = %16.3e\n", Float.MIN_VALUE );
       System.out.printf( " Double.MAX_VALUE = %16.3e\n", Double.MAX_VALUE );
       System.out.printf( " Double.MIN_VALUE = %16.3e\n", Double.MIN_VALUE );
       System.out.println("================================================");
   }
}