Simple whole-number convolution vectors Smoothing: [1 1 1] = 3 point boxcar (sliding average) smooth [1 1 1 1] = 4 point boxcar (sliding average)smooth [1 2 1] = 3 point triangular smooth [1 2 3 2 1] = 5 point triangular smooth [1 4 6 4 1] = 5 point Gaussian smooth [1 4 8 10 8 4 1] = 7 point Gaussian smooth [1 4 9 14 17 14 9 4 1] = 9 point Gaussian smooth Differentiation: [-1 1] First derivative [1 -2 1] Second derivative [1 -2 1 -1] Third derivative [1 -4 6 -4 1] Fourth derivative Results of successive convolution by two vectors: Conv 1 Conv 2 [1 1 1] x [1 1 1] = [1 2 3 2 1] Triangular smooth [1 2 1] x [1 2 1] = [1 4 6 4 1] Pesudo-Gaussian smooth [-1 1] x [-1 1] = [1 -2 1] 2nd derivative [-1 1] x [1 -2 1] = [1 -3 3 -1] 3rd derivative [-1 1] x [1 1 1] = [1 0 0 -1) 1st derivative with gap-segment [-1 1] x [1 2 1] = [1 1 -1 -1) Smoothed 1st derivative [1 1 -1 -1] x [1 2 1] = [1 3 2 -2 -3 -1] 1st derivative with more smoothing [1 -2 1] x [1 2 1] = [1 0 -2 0 1] 2nd derivative with gap-segment rectangle x rectangle = triangle or trapezoid Gaussian x Gaussian = Gaussian of greater width Gaussian x Lorentzian = Something in between Gaussian and Lorentzian